Krisis

Ang lahat ng mga nakaraang kritikal na pangyayari
sa larangang pampulitika ng bansa ay repleksyon
ng krisis na bumabalot sa sistemang panlipunan nito.

Hangga't may pagsasamantala at pandarahas, patuloy na magluluwal
ang lipunan ng kontra-pwersa (repormista o rebolusyunaryo man).

Tama si Senador Sonny Trillanes.

Dalawa lamang ang pagpipilian natin sa sitwasyon ngayon.

Si Gloria ba o pagbabago?

Pero ang tanong ay paano isasagawa ang pagbabago
at ano ang kakatawan dito?

KEY ELEMENTS OF DEVELOPMENT * (to be updated)

ACCORDING TO FORMER COMELEC CHAIR CHRISTIAN MONSOD

• free and fair elections
• asset reform
• certain threshold of GDP per capita
• liberal constitutionalism (rule of law)

ACCORDING TO UP PROF. LEOTHINY CLAVEL

• people element: enlargement of human choice, education for collective harmony, food security, health literacy
• structure element: principle governance, people's participation
• technology element: multi-media access
• environment element: environmental integrity & sustainability

ACCORDING TO RETIRED UP PROF. RAUL SEGOVIA

The idea of development can clearly be appreciated in these three terms. Combining the three is essential and each needs a separate understanding.

• cultural
• economic
• political

*based on their text replies to Diwang Palaboy

Erap is consistent.*

Erap wasn't able to finish his university education.
His presidency was also short-lived.
A similar fate happened to his jail term.


*based on a forwarded text joke

Sa kabila ng lahat, buti buhay pa tayo. Ingat. Doble ingat.

• earthquakes
• volcanic eruptions
• mudflows
• typhoons
• floods
• tidal waves
• extreme heat
• cases of drought
• landslides
• rockslides
• conflagrations
• vehicular accidents (land)
• industrial/technological accidents
• stampede
• sea tragedies
• air tragedies
• oil spills
• polluted surroundings
• fish kills
• red tide
• trashslides
• civil strifes
• ethnic strifes
• cases of famine
• acts of terrorism
• criminalities
• militarization
• demolitions
• extrajudicial killings
• cases of food poisoning
• possibilities of committing suicide (psycho-social)
• communicable diseases (tropical diseases for example)
• HIV-AIDS
• lifestyle-related diseases (e.g. diabesity)
• "tsunano" (tsunami+unano=GMA), the most destructive of all

Points

• Human rights violation is a government policy.-Karapatan
• Life is too short to just spend it arguing all the time.-a retired lawyer
• The act itself (mining) is bad.-Prof. Lacdan
• The business of the government is to get out of business.-FVR
• Social scientists should contribute in solving poverty, not in mystifying it.-Poldo
• If the teacher stops learning, he/she should stop teaching.-Prof. Raul Segovia
• Monoeconomics is hegemonic.-Poldo
• Bush and Arroyo are psychic twins-Condrado de Quiros
• Justice should be restorative, not retributive.-Chief Justice Puno
• Beware of military agents in the campus.-Poldo
• Professors should consider the socio-economic status of their students when including costly field trips in their syllabi.-a disgruntled student
• Ang lipunan ay batbat ng tunggalian. Mas mauunawaan ang takbo ng lipunan kung susuriin ang mga tunggalian na nakapaloob dito-Conflict theorists

Odd One Out

1. HIPC, satellite, Global North, periphery, East
2. metropole, LDC, 3rd World, Global South, G-77, developing countries
3. developed countries, First World, core, semi-periphery
4. MDC, underdeveloped states, West, G-8
5. CIT, transition economies, Paris Club

Pag-iipon

• Ang pag-iipon ay hindi lamang "monetary in nature."
  Nagbibigay din ito ng kapanatagan ng loob.
• Ang pag-iipon ay usapin ng disiplina sa sarili.
  Malaki ang kaugnayan nito sa kinamulatang
  kultura ng pamilya hinggil sa pag-iimpok.
• Ang laki ng ipon ay nakasalalay sa tatlong konsiderasyon:
  (1) laki ng kita, (2) laki ng kagastusan, (3) pananaw ukol sa pag-iipon
• Minsan ay mas "maluho" pa ang mga middle class kaysa
  sa mga mayayaman sapagkat gumagastos sila ng malaki
  sa mga bilihing hindi mahalaga sa kabila ng 'di naman kalakihang kita.
• Ang pagiging isang matalinong mamimili
  ay may malaking epekto sa laki o liit ng naiipon.
• Mas panatag ang loob mong gumastos
  kung alam mong mayroon kang ipon.

Neutrality

Neutrality is a myth.
Neutrality is apathy.
This stance is very favorable to the ruling class.

Ang "hindi pagpanig" ay nangangahulugan ng pagkiling sa nananaig na
kaayusan o sistema (dominant order o status quo).

Nangangahulugan din ito ng 'di pagsang-ayon o pagtaliwas
sa pagbabagong isinusulong ng kontra-pwersa
(counter-culture/counter-establishment).

Pero kung hindi nakikiisa sa adhikain ng kontra-pwersa,
iwasang maging instrumento ng pagsasamantala
ng mga naghaharing-uri sa mga bulnerableng sektor ng lipunan.

On peace, freedom and development

• positive vs. negative peace

positive peace: absence of war plus an environment conducive to pursue
development through cooperation
negative peace: pertains only to absence of war

• positive vs. negative freedom

positive freedom: human's actual capacity to become or
actualize something
negative freedom: refers only to non-intervention of external forces

• economic growth vs. economic development

economic growth: quantitative increase; "pagsulong"
economic development: qualitative increase (economic growth + equity); "pag-unlad"

Korean Invasion

• Idinadaing ng ilang Koreanong nag-aaral sa bansa na mas maliit ang kanilang hawak na pera ngayon kung ikukumpara noon dahil sa patuloy na paglakas ng piso laban sa dolyar.
• Ang isang Koreanong nag-aaral ng Ingles sa Pilipinas ay kumukuha ng 2-4 na tutors. Mas mura kasi ang edukasyon sa bansa kumpara sa US o Canada.
• Maraming kabataang Koreano ang lulong sa barkada at lakwatsa kaya naisasakripisyo ang pag-aaral.
• Tulad ng mga Pilipino, maraming Koreano ang nangangarap ding makarating at makapaghanap-buhay sa US. Isang preparasyon dito ay ang pag-aaral ng Ingles.
• Ang kasingkahulugan ng "ay naku" nating mga Pilipino ay "ayguya" sa kanilang wika.
• Napakahalaga sa mga Koreano ang paggalang sa mga nakatatanda. Nakapaloob ito sa kanilang wika at gawa.
• Ang mga Koreano ay karaniwang Buddhists, Christians at ang iba naman ay atheists.
• Park, Lee at Kim ang pinakakaraniwang apelyido ng mga Koreano.
• Inaakala ng maraming Koreanong hindi pa nakakarating sa Pilipinas na ang ating bansa ay puro puno ng niyog.
• Matindi ang takot ng mga Koreano sa ipis lalo na yaong mga lumilipad. Malalaki raw ang ipis sa Pilipinas kung ikukumpara sa kanilang bansa.

Readings

DS 100 (Development: Which Way Now? by Amartya Sen)
DS 126 (selected articles of PDI columnists)
DS 112 (Ideologies in the Third World from the book Political Ideologies: Their Origins and Impact by Leon Baradat)
NSTP (Marxism from the book Political Ideologies by Leon Baradat, Panimulang Kurso sa Gawaing Propaganda by Ibon Foundation)
DS 128 (Emotional Pains in Organization from the book Toxic Emotions at Work by Peter Frost)

BIKTIMA

Sa supermart /hypermart ng mall, mas bulnerable tayong gumastos ng higit sa nararapat o inaasahan. Abot-kamay (literal) ang halos lahat ng produkto at madaling ilagay sa shopping basket/cart. Sa bawat bili, bibigyang katwiran natin sa ating sarili na:

• parang "gift" ko na ito sa sarili ko (self-pity)
• kailangang may stock lagi (akala mong may sari-sari store a!)
• bagay at tiyak na magugustuhan ito ni "mahal" (maalalahanin kunyari)
• 'di bale sumusweldo naman ako buwan-buwan (middle-class mentality)
• kasi ito ang "in" (demonstration effect)
• kasi 'pag nagkataon ako pa lang ang mayroon nito sa amin ("snob effect")
• sayang naman P 99 lang (psychological pricing)
• ang pamimili ay "source of empowerment" (ako-ang-mapagpasya-kung-anong-brand-ang bibilhin-ko mentality)

"Kapwa"

• a shared identity
• an extension of oneself (extended self)
• a co-equal
• a fellow
• a state of being part of or being in equal terms with others (Jocano)

Odd One Out

• Ferdinand Marcos
• Gloria Arroyo
• Pervez Musharraf
• Than Shwe

Answer: none of the above

"Independent" in the context of contemporary Philippine politics

• neither pro- nor anti-GMA
• no political party whatsoever
• decides on an issue-per-issue basis regardless of one's political affiliation
• critical collaboration
• a maverick
• or just a press release

Hindi lahat ng produktong may murang presyo ay mura talaga.

Ang mga produkto sa pamilihan na may murang presyo sa kabila ng malaking pinsalang idinulot nito sa kalikasan ay hindi talaga mura sa katotohanan. Ipinapasa lamang ng mga prodyuser at mamimili ang "cost" sa mga susunod na henerasyon sa porma ng:

• maduming kapaligiran (na banta sa kalusugan)
• papaunting bilang ng likas-yaman (na banta naman sa kabuhayan)
• at ibang problema na maaaring ibunga ng dalawa.

Iba ngunit kaugnay na isyu kung ang mga manggagawa sa pabrika ay binabarat at ginigipit ng kanilang amo sa porma ng mababang sahod. Sa pamamagitan nito ay ipinapasa sa kanila ang "cost" para bumaba ang presyo upang mas lumakas ng benta ng produkto sa pamilihan.

Ipinapasa lamang sa iba ang bigat.

O maaari namang sa atin mismo, hindi nga lamang sa porma ng mataas na presyo.

Corruption

"Corruption is the classroom that should be there but is not there."

-Condrado de Quiros

!

"Ang taong may dakilang hangarin at

may matatag na paninindigan ay
maraming makaka-away

ngayon at sa hinaharap ."

-Poldo Pasangkrus

PARA SA LAHAT NG INTERESADO

What: ACLE on Indi Films sponsored by UP Manila POLIS
When: 22 November 2007 (Thursday) at 1:00-3:00 pm
Where: NEDA Conference Room

Categories

Hoogvelt's three concentric circles:

1. the elites
2. the contented
3. the marginalized

Three categories of people from an insurance agent's point of view:

1. the insured
2. the uninsured
3. the under-insured

Three subsets within the middle class:

1. mataas na panggitna
2. gitnang panggitna
3. mababang panggitna

Division of the world according to the World Systems Approach by Wallerstein:

1. core
2. semi-periphery (intermediate role)
3. periphery

Categories of UP faculty members according to Prof. Roland Simbulan:

1. academic proletariat
2. lumpen academic
3. public intellectual

Types of politicians in the Philippines:

1. competent and honest (kathang-isip lamang!)
2. competent but dishonest
3. incompetent but honest
4. incompetent and dishonest (madami sa Congress!)

Victimization

Sa dami ng problemang panlipunan na sunod-sunod na kinakaharap ng bansa at ng mga institusyon at mamamayan nito, isang mabigat na hamon ang malapatan ng komprehensibo at malalimang pagsusuri ang bawat isyu. Bukod dito, hindi na rin nakikita ang kaugnayan ng isa't isa.

Biktima ng sitwasyon ang midya at akademya, lalo na ang publiko.

O maaari namang sinasadya talaga ito ng midya at akademya na kontrolado ng mga naghaharing uri upang lituhin ang publiko at ilayo sila sa katwiran.

Nagiging malabnaw ang pagsusuri ng isyu at nagreresulta ito sa maling interpretasyon at di-angkop na solusyon. Sa dulo, higit nitong pinapalala ang mga problema.

Lalong nagiging bulnerable ang mga dati nang mahihina at walang kapangyarihan.

Huwag pamarisan!

Dapat managot sa batas kung totoo man ang kumakalat
na balitang may mga ghost employees sa KAS!

Nakakahiya ang pamantasan kung wala itong magagawa ukol dito!

Alin man sa dalawa:

1. Kagyat na tugunan ng pamantasan ang isyung ito at papanagutin ang mga may sala.
2. O palitan na lamang natin ng University of Kikay ang pangalan ng pamantasan upang huwag makaladkad ang dati nitong magandang reputasyon na pinaghirapang itaguyod ng mga nauna sa atin.

Corporate-led Globalization

• The foreign business interest is deeply entrenched in the country's national policymaking due largely to the very accommodating attitude of the Philippine government. It's a long history of subservience.
• The proposed lifting of the citizenship restriction in the economic provision of the 1987 Philippine Charter is seen by the foreign business interest as the single most important economic reform in its bid to bolster its foothold in the Philippine economy. Cha-cha is packaged as a panacea of sorts.
• Corporate-led globalization is responsible to the widening economic-divide between the Global North and the Global South. Take as a case in point the glaring divide in the access to quality water supply between the Global North and Global South as well as between the rich and the poor communities within the two hemispheres.
• The continued victimization of the countries in transition (transition economies) by the international financial institutions under the control of the Global North is principally due to former's political and economic vulnerability and the latter's lack of regard to morality and social justice.
• Globalization=Mcdonaldnization=Westernization=Americanization=Homogenization

Kulturang Himod-Tumbong! (paumanhin sa titulo)

• Bihira sa tao ang pairalin niya ang kanyang prinsipyo at labanan ang sistema o ang mismong taong "nagpapakain" sa kanya.
• Karaniwang nagsasanib pwersa ang mga taong nakikinabang sa isa't isa. Hindi para sa dakilang layunin kundi upang isulong ang kani-kanilang personal na interes.
• Ang pagsasanib na ito ay upang mapagtakpan din ang kasiraan ng bawat isa.
• Ang pwersang ito ay karaniwang tutol sa anumang kontra-pwersa na yayanig sa kanila.
• Kusang mabubuwag ang anumang pwersa na walang matibay na salalayang ideolohikal (ideological foundation) dahil hindi magtatagal ay magbabangga-bangga rin ang kanilang mga personal na interes.
• Mahalaga pa rin sa lipunan (o organisasyon) ang ganitong klaseng grupo dahil maaari silang magsilbing masamang halimbawa sa iba para huwag pamarisan.

Saksi ako sa pwersa at kontra-pwersang ito!

Pessimism

Gloria's removal from office is not the ultimate panacea
to the interrelated problems that beset this forsaken country.
But I see it as a significant step in achieving this objective.
What we need at this point is not only an alternative leader but her total opposite.
One wonders if this person is already born.

Quote from former SC Chief Justice Artemio Panganiban on GMA impeachment

"There are some novel questions that still need to be ruled upon by the Supreme Court before GMA can be said to be totally inoculated.

• First, was the referral to the Committee on Justice made by the Deputy Speaker, instead of the Speaker as provided by the House Rules, valid? If not, then the one-year ban has not begun.
• Second, was the precipitate dismissal of the supplemental complaint filed by lawyer Adel Tamano tenable? Wasn’t the Tamano pleading intended to strengthen the “weak” Pulido complaint and to prevent a mockery of the one-year ban?
• Third, was the Committee’s refusal to include GMA in the impeachment complaint filed against resigned Comelec Chair Benjamin Abalos correct?

A negative answer to any of these questions may reopen the impeachment proceeding against GMA."

Readings

• DS 100 (Economic growth's many recipes by Prof. Dani Rodrik)
• DS 126 (Article 7 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution)
• NSTP (Gabay sa Gawaing Propaganda)
• DS 128 (Chapter 4: Integrating Filipino Culture into Management by Jocano)

Factors that result to the incidence and perpetuation of poverty and underdevelopment

Poverty is multi-faceted and its incidence
is caused by a combination of factors.

• historical experience
• geography
• socio-economic structure
• cultural milieu
• extent of imperialist globalization
• government's action and inaction
• citizen's political efficacy
• opportunity
• personal disposition

Commendations

Commendations to Ms. Marvee Anne C. Felipe for actively pursuing

the praxis (theory and practice) of development studies.

• BA Development Studes, UP Manila batch '04, magna cum laude
• MA in Development Policy, DLSU-Manila, on-going
• Legislative Staff, Office of Sen. Pia Cayetano, 2005-present

Ideology

"Ideology provides an interpretation

of the present and a view of desired future.

The anticipated future is invariably portrayed
as materially better than the present."

-Leon Baradat

Try the test at http://www.politicalcompass.org/.

Corruption

• ↑ latitude of discretion, ↑ propensity for corruption
• ↓ risk + ↑ gain = ↑ corruption
• ↑ risk + ↓ gain = ↓ corruption

Odd One Out

Net Approval Rating (Pulse Asia's Oct. '07 Nationwide Survey)

• Arroyo (-9%)
• VP De Castro (40%)
• Sen. Pres. Villar (55%)
• Speaker De Venecia (5%)
• Chief Justice Puno (10%)

Aktibismo

Ang aktibismo ay nakabatay sa prinsipyo.
Isa itong pulitikang paninindigan.
Hindi ito isang yugto lamang sa kolehiyo.
Hindi ito pampataas ng grado.
Hindi ito isang "identity" na ibinabandera lamang tuwing eleksyon.
Hindi ito para lamang sa barkadismo.
Ang aktibismo ay isang "way of life."
Ito ay dapat pinapanindigan.

A Pressing Concern

Under the regime of present dispensation, is the impeachment still
an effective venue in holding the public officials accountable to the people?

Pekeng demokrasya.
Pekeng botohan.
Pekeng pangulo.

Is this what we call modern democracy?

Social classes during the pre-revolutionary period in France

1st estate: clergy
2nd estate: nobility
3rd estate: commoners

Ang pagbabasa ang isa ring porma ng paglaya.

• Ugaliing magbasa ng peryodiko. Makatutulong ito sa pagpapalawak ng kaalaman at pagpapataas ng kasanayan sa pag-iisip at pasusulat. Ang mga mahuhusay magsulat ay mahihilig ding magbasa.
• Sanayin ang pag-alam ng ideolohiya ng ibang tao sa pamamagitan ng pagbabasa ng kanilang mga akda. Makatutulong ng malaki ang Political Ideologies: Their Origins and Impact ni Leon Baradat bilang panimula.
• Tatlo ang dahilan ko kung bakit ako'y nagbabasa. Una, upang may bagong matutunan. Ikalawa, tiyaking tama o naaangkop pa rin ang mga impormasyon na alam ko. Ikatlo, pampa-antok.
• Habang hindi ka pa nagpapakadalubhasa (generalist pa lamang), huwag magpakahon sa iisang klase ng babasahin. Napakarami pang dapat malaman. Sa katunayan, maging ang mga specialist ay hindi nililimitahan ang sarili sa iisang tipo ng babasahin lamang. Palayain ang sarili.

random points

• The Philippines is disaster hotspot of both nature, i.e. natural (earthquake, typhoons, volcanic eruption, etc.) and man-made (fire, terrorism, civil strife, sea/air tragedy, trashslide, oil spill, etc.), with Tsunano (tsunami+unano) a.k.a. GMA, as the most destructive.
• According to Raul de Guzman (a retired UP professor of Public administration), a major concern in the study of politics and government is the phenomenon of power and how to promote its use for socially desirable ends. Reality: Power is used as a means for self-aggrandizement (an act of making oneself more powerful politically, economically and socially in a ruthless manner).
• Most political parties in the Philippines are mere alliances for political expediency. Implication: rampant turncoatism
• We should not study history for its own sake. It should serve as a tool to solve human miseries such as poverty and underdevelopment.
• Many scholars perceive media with ambivalence. Truly, it has contributed significantly in alleviating and also worsening (even perpetuating) social problems.
• To accord Mariannet Amper the title "saint of poverty" is a very contentious issue. Read the PDI editorial "Poverty's saint" dated November 9.

Readings

• DS 100-Chapter 2 (The Five Stages of Growth Summary) of The Stages of Economic Growth by Walt Whitman Rostow, 1971, 2nd ed
• DS 126-Chapter 14 (The Legacy of Macapagal) of Beating the Odds by Cecilia P. Serrano, 2005
• DS 112- Chapter 1 (Framework of Analysis) of the Global Politics of Unequal Development by Anthony Payne, 2005; Asian Development Outlook 2007: Growth Amid Change (Highlights, Developing Asia and the World)
• DS 128-Chapter 1 (Managers and Managing) of Contemporary Management by Jones, George and Hill, 1998
• NSTP-Panimulang Kurso sa Gawaing Propaganda ng Institute of Political Economy, Ibon Foundation, 2005

Note: Please be ready for our first long exam next session. Bring 1 blue book.

Public Policy

"Public policy is whatever governments choose to do or not to do."

-Thomas Dye

"Such a definition covers government action, inaction,

decisions and non-decisions as it implies a very

deliberate choice between alternatives."

-Hall, et. al.

Development Studies

• Development studies is a multidisciplinary social scientific study of development.
• Specifically, its focus is on the developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
• Areas of interest in development studies include economic development, social development, population, migration, environment and gender.
• Universities which offer development studies include: UP Manila (BA), Ateneo de Manila (BA), DLSU-D (BA), DLSU-Manila (BA, MA, Ph.D.), UST (MA, Ph.D.).

random points

• Sa anumang pamantayan, hindi makatarungan ang 300% TOFI! Tuwiran nitong binabakuran ang mga mahihirap subalit karapatdapat makapag-aral sa pamantasan ng bayan. Gugunitain natin ang ika-sandaang taong pagkakatatag ng UP sa pamamagitan ng TOFI! Napakasaklap!
• Mahigpit ang labanan para sa eleksyon ng susunod Faculty Regent (FR). Ito ay sa pagitan ni Librero at Palaganas. Si Palaganas ang sinusuportahan ng mga progresibong guro. Samantalang si Librero naman, ayon sa isang dating FR, ang "manok" ng administrasyon.
• Dahil sa TOFI, lalong dadami ang mga brats, derma kids puting pantay, kikay at berks sa pamantasan. Sana mali ako.

Doble Ingat

Mag-ingat sa mga masasamang loob.
Panahon ngayon ng bayaran ng matrikula.
Alam ng mga magnanakaw (sindikato man o solo flight) na may
dalang malalaking halaga ang mga mag-aaral.
At dahil papalapit na ang Kapaskuhan,
inaasahan na rin ng SOCO ang pagtaas ng kaso ng nakawan.
Kaya doble ingat.

Tukmol

Pinag-iipunan ng mga magulang (at ng mga dakilang working students)
ang bawat singkong ibinabayad nilang pangmatrikula.

Malaking bahagi nito ay napupunta sa pagpapasweldo sa mga propesor.

Bukod pa dito ang subsidyo ng pamahalaan sa UP
na nagmumula rin sa mga buwis na ibinabayad ng mga mamamayan.

Kaso baka mas marami pa ang araw
ng pagliban ni propesor kaysa
sa kanyang pagpasok sa klase!

Wika nga ng dati kong propesor sa Kasaysayan, mahiya naman siya
kada withdraw sa ATM para kunin ang kanyang buong sweldo.

Aba naman!

Poverty-Motivated Suicide

poverty

↓

threat to mental health

(clinical depression: hopelessness, despair, defeatism)

↓

poverty-motivated suicide

Elite democracy

National poll is an exclusive fight between the ruling elite & counter-elite.
There is competition but they don't totally annihilate each other.
Take the case of the Estrada-Arroyo saga.
Meanwhile, the underclass remains marginalized and underrepresented.

Aba naman, Gloria!

According to Prof. Arnulfo Esguerra, many Filipinos are only religious, but not moral nor spiritual.

I strongly agree.

In fact, many active church-goers I know don't act Christian in their dealings with others.

Inside the church, they are very holy but assume a totally different persona (dysfunctional) outside.

Fr. Gerry Bulatao, SJ called it "split-level Christianity."

An excellent case in point is Gloria Arroyo who projects a "holy" and "righteous" image inside the church (as captured by photos) but doesn't put those values into practice.

Si Gloria Arroyo ay isang malaking press release. Aba naman!

I know a lot of people who do not hear Mass but are more Christian than active church goers.

Hindi kailanman batayan ang ritwal!

Culture

Culture as a Human Right

"Culture is a manifestation of the freedom of belief and expression

and is a human right accorded due respect and allowed to flourish."

-NCCA Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)

Social Change

• Urban life, according to Sociologist Emile Durkheim, is a space of creativity, progress, new moral order. It is also a site of moral decay and anomie.
• Glocalization is defined as the global production of the local and the localization of the global.
• The lack of adaptive capacity to manage the changes brought about by rapid modernization poses a serious threat to people's mental health.
• Postmodern families:
  Case 1: The father works in Dubai. The mother works in Canada. The son studies in Manila. The daughter stays with her grandparents in the province.
  Case 2: A male and female couple with their son (James, a shitzu) and daughter (Tiffany, a persian cat)

Turfing

Turfing in Kutang Bato

Turfing is a sign of insecurity and weakness.

It is myopic.

It is based on parochial interest.

In essence, it isn't based on collective struggle.

Therefore, it crumbles easily.

At times, turfing leads to conspiracy and cover-up.

Turfing doesn't recognize self-criticism.

It is dysfunctional.

Definition of health according to the WHO

"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being

and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."

ATTENTION: ALL DS GRADUATING STUDENTS

Please validate your checklist and ensure that you have taken all the required units ( RGEP, core subjects, electives and cognates) in your curriculum. Ask the assistance of the Office of the College Secretary (OCS) to facilitate the release of your true copy of grades (TCG).

Kikay Programming

There are several socially-relevant and interesting TV documentaries such as Sine Totoo, The Correspondents, I-Witness and Probe but their timeslots are too late already to merit wide viewership. Instead, the viewers have to content themselves with trivial human interest feature stories of Rated K and Mel & Joey. In-depth and critical TV documentaries are essential in exposing social problems, sharpening public opinion and raising policy debates. Therefore, a reconfiguration in the TV programming is imperative.

Integrative Medicine

Integrative Medicine = Biomedicine + Ethnomedicine