2. gross national product (GNP) vs. gross national happiness (GNH)
3. gigantism and small is beautiful
4. globalization from above vs. globalization from below
5. mode 1 research vs. mode 2 research
6. biomedicine vs. ethnomedicine
7. western psychology vs. Sikolohiyang Pilipino
8. discourse of representation vs. discourse of understanding
9. mainstream criminology vs. critical criminology
10. hegemonic map vs. countermap
11. mainstream geography vs. critical geography
12. knowledge management vs. knowledge management for development (KM4D)
13. mainstream science vs. citizen science
14. germ theory vs. social theory
15. mainstream psychology vs. critical psychology
16. mainstream mathematics vs. ethnomathematics
17. bourgeois journalism vs. alternative journalism
18. World Economic Forum vs. World Social Forum
